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¡@¡@¬ù®Ñ¨È°Oªº¬G¨Æ¡A¬O¸t¸g¤¤³Ìºëªöªº³¡¤À¤§¤@¡C¶¦æC§Qô³º¨Ï«°Àð˶ò¡A³o¼Ëªº¼@±¡«ç¤£¥O¤H¿³¾Ä¡H¬ù®Ñ¨È©M«n¤è½Ñ¤ý§@¾Ô¡A¤Ó¶§¬°¥L¥ß¦bªÅ¤¤¤£°Ê¡A³o¡u³Ìªøªº¤@¤é¡v«ç¯àÅý¤H§ÑÃh¡H¬ï´¡¦b³o¨Ç¦hªö¦h«ºªº¬G¨Æ¤§¶¡ªº¡A¤D¬O¤@Ó°ê®a¦p¦ó«Ø¥ß¦b¤@¤ù¤g¦a¤W¡A©Ò¦³¥H¦â¦C¤H¦p¦ó¦b¬ù®Ñ¨È±«e»P¯«¥ß¬ù¡A«á¨Ó¤S§ó·s³o¬ù¡A¥H¤Î¥þ¥Á¦p¦ó¤À°t¤g¦a¡]³o¬O¯«½çºÖÍ¢¿ï¥Áªº©úÅã°O¸¹¡^µ¥¤j¨Æ¡C³o´N¬O¬ù®Ñ¨È°O¡A¨ä¤¤ªº«H®§§ó¬O²{¤µªº§ÚÌÀ³¸Ó²âÅ¥ªº¡C
¡@¡@ªñ´X¦~¦Ò¥j¾Çªºµo²{¡A¨Ï¸t¸gªºÅªªÌ¹ï¦¦~¥H¦â¦Cªº¥@¬É¦³§ó²M·¡¡B§ó¸Ô²Óªº»{ÃÑ¡C¦Ò¥j¾Ç¦b±q«e¤j«°ªº¿ò§}¶i¦æ°É¹î¡A¦p¡GC§Qô¡B©Ô¦N¡B®Lº¾µ¥¡A¥L̪ºÆ[¹î¦¨¬°¹L¥h©Ò§@¸ÑÄÀªº¬D¾Ô¡C¦³¨Ç¤ÀªR¾ÇªÌ¦b¸t¸g¤§¥~ªº¸ê®Æ¤¤·j´M¡A¬Ý¥»®Ñªºµ²ºc»P§Î¦¡¨ü¨ìþ¨Ç¨Ó·½ªº¼vÅT¡A¦p¡G²ö¤º¥L¥Û¬W¡]Merneptah stele¡^¢w¢w¨ä¤¤º¦¸¥X²{ªº¡u¥H¦â¦C¡v¦r¼Ë¡F¨È°¨®³¸g¤å¡]Amarna text¡^¢w¢w¨ä¤¤´y¼g{«n¦aªº¬Fªvª¬ªp¡FÁÙ¦³³Ìªñ¦b®Lº¾¡B§Æ§B±[µ¥¦aµo²{ªº·¤§Î¤å¦rªº§÷®Æ¡A³£¦³§U©ó§Ú̹ï¸g¤åªº¤F¸Ñ¡C¥t¥~¡AªÀ·|¦Ò¥j¾Çªº¿³°_¡A¦b¹L¥h´X¤Q¦~¹ï¿ò§}ªº½Õ¬d¤]«Ü«n¡C²×©ó¦³¤H¯à°÷§¹¾ã¦a»¡©ú±q«eªº¤H¦p¦ó¥Í¬¡¡A¦í¦b¦ó³B¡A¦³¦h¤Ö¤H¦í¦b¤s¦a¡A¦h¤Ö¤H¦í¦b¨ä¥L¦a¤è¡C¹B¥Î³o¨Ç·sªºÃÒ¾Ú¡A§ÚÌ¥i¥H±N¬ù®Ñ¨È°O²Ï®Ú©ó¦¦~¥H¦â¦Cªº¥@¬É¤¤¡A¦b²Ó¸`¤W¤ñ±q«e·Ç½T±o¦h¡C
¡@¡@¦¹¥~¡A¸t¸gªº¤å¾Ç¬ã¨sªk¡AÅý¤H¹ï¦Ñ°ÝÃD¦³¤F·s«G¥ú¡A¦b¬ù®Ñ¨È°O¤×µM¡C¤ñ¤è¡A¡u¥H¦â¦C¤H¹L¬ù¦ýªe¨s³º¦³´X¦¸¡H¡v¥H¤ÎÀH¤§¦Ó¨Óªº¡G¡u³oÓ¬G¨Æªº¯u¹ê±¡ªp¨s³º¦p¦ó¡H¡v²{¦b³oÃþ°ÝÃD³£¦³§óÅý¤Hº¡·Nªºµª®×¡A¤£¥²¦A°²©w¥»®Ñªº§@ªÌ¯à¤O¤£¨¬¡C
¡@¡@¤£¹L¡A¤ñ³o¤@¤Á§ó«nªº¡A¤D¬O³o¨÷®Ñ¹ï°ò·þ®{¨s³º¦³¦ó·N¸q¡C¥¦¹ªÀy§Ú̦b¸UÃø¤§¤¤n«H¾a¯«¡Aĵ§i§Ú̸o¬O¦óµ¥¥i©È¡A·|²o³s¥þ®a¡B¤D¦Ü¥þ±Ú¡A¤]¿EÀy§ÚÌn±µ¨ü¯«¦b°ò·þùتº·s¬ù¡A§¹¥þ©Ó¨ü¨ä¤¤ªº¯¬ºÖ¡A´N¹³¬ù®Ñ¨È®É¥Nªº¥H¦â¦C¤H¤@¼Ë¡A±o¨ìÀ³³\¤§¦a¬°·~¡C
¡@¡@¦b¦¹§Ún¦V®æ©Ô´µô¸t¸g¾Ç°|¡]Glasgow
Bible College¡^ªº®Õªø©M¦P¨ÆPÁ¡A¥»®Ñ¶i¦æ´Á¶¡¡A¥L̵¹¤©³\¦h¤ä«ù¡F§Ú¤]n¯S§OÁÂÁ¤@¨Ç¾Ç¥Í¡A®Ñ¤¤«Ü¦h«ä·Q³£¬O»P¥LÌ°Q½×±o¨Óªº¡CÁÙ¦³¤@¨Ç¤H¹ï³o¥»Â²nªºµùÄÀ®Ñ´£¨Ñ¤Fºc·Q¡A§Ún¯S§OÁÂÁÂ¥H¤U´X¦ì¡Gª÷¹yªª®v¡]David Kingdon¡^ÂsÄý¤F¥»®Ñªºªì½Z¡A¨Ã´£¨Ñ·N¨£¡F
§Æ´µ¡]Richard S.
Hess¡^
¤_Û´°Ã¹¨u´¶´°¾Ç°|¡]Roehampton
Institute London¡^
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AB Analecta
Biblica.
ABD D.
N. Freedman et al (eds.), The Anchor Bible Dictionary, 6 vols.
(Garden City, New York: Doubleday, 1992).
Aharoni, Land Y.
Aharoni, The Land of the Bible: A Historical Geography, reviser and tr.
A. F. Rainey (Westminster: Philadelphia, 1979).
ANEP J.
B. Pritchard (ed.), The Ancient Near East in Pictures (
ANET J.
B. Pritchard (ed.), Ancient Near Eastern Texts relating to the Old Testament
(Princeton University Press, 3 1969).
AOAT Alter
Orient und Altes Testament.
ASOR American
Schools of Oriental Research.
BA Biblical
Archaeologist.
BAR Biblical
Archaeology Review.
Barthe*lemy D.
Barthe*lemy, Critique textuelle de
l'ancien testament. 1. Josue*, Juges, Ruth, Samuel,
Rois, Chroniques, Esdras, Ne*he*mie*, Esthe*r, OBO 50/1 (Fribourg
Suisse: Editions Universitaires: Go/ttingen : Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 1982).
BASOR Bulletin
of the American Schools of Oriental Research.
BAT A.
Biran and J. Aviram (eds.), Biblical Archaeology Today,1990. Proceedings of
the Second International Congress on Biblical Archaeology.
BETL Bibliotheca
Ephemeridum Theologicarum Lovaniensium.
Bib Biblica.
Blaikie W.
G. Blaikie, The Book of Joshua (London: Hodder & Stoughton, 1908).
Boling and Wright R.
G. Boling and G. E. Wright, Joshua. A New Translation with Introduction and
Commentary, Anchor Bible 6 (Garden City, New York: Doubleday, 1982).
BR Bible
Review.
BZ Biblische
Zeitschrift.
BZAW Beiheft
sur ZAW.
CAD E.
Reiner et al. (eds.), Chicago Assyrian Dictionary (Chicago: The
Oriental Institute;
Glu/ckstadt :
J. J. Augustin, 1956- ).
CBOTS Coniectanea
Biblica Old Testament Series.
CBQ Catholic
Biblical Quarterly.
ch. chapter.
Fritz V.
Fritz, Das Buch Josua, Handbuch zum Alten Testament I/7 (Tu/bingen: J. C. B. Mohr, 1994).
FTH A.
R. Millard, J. K. Hoffmeier and D. W. Baker (eds.), Faith, Tradition,
History: Old Testament Historiography in Its Near Eastern Context (Winona
Lake, Indiana: Eisenbrauns, 1994).
Garstang J.
Garstang, The Foundations of Biblical History: Joshua, Judges ( London:
Constable, 1931).
Gottwald N.
K. Gottwald, The Tribes of Yahweh: A Sociology of the Religion of Liberated
Gray J.
Gray, Joshua, Judges, Ruth, New Century Bible Commentary (Grand Rapids,
Michigan: Eerdmans, 1986).
Hamlin E.
J. Hamlin, Joshua. Inheriting the Land, International Theological
Commentary (Grand Rapids, Michigan: Eerdmans, 1983).
HAR Hebrew
Annual Review.
Hawk L.
D. Hawk, Every Promise Fulfilled. Contesting Plots in Joshua, Literary
Currents in Biblical Interpretation (Louisville: Westminster / John Knox,
1991).
Heb. Hebrew.
Hertzberg H.
W. Hertzberg, Die
Bu/cher Josua, Richter, Ruth, Das Alte Testament Deutsch 9 (Go/ttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht,1973).
HHI H.
Tadmor and M. Weinfeld (eds.), History, Historiography and Interpretation.
Studies in Biblical and Cuneiform Literatures (Jerusalem: Magnes; Leiden:
Brill, 1983).
HSM Harvard
Semitic Monographs.
HTR Harvard
Theological Review.
IDB G.
Buttrick et al (eds.), The Interpreter's Dictionary of the Bible (Nashville:
Abingdon, 1962).
IES
IEJ
IOS
JBL Journal
of Biblical Literature.
JPOS Journal
of the
JSOT/JSOT Journal
for the Study of the Old Testament / Journal for the Study of the Old
Testament.
KAI H.
Donner and W. Ro/llig, Kanaana/ische und Arama/ische Inschriften, 3 vols. (Wiesbaden:
Harrassowitz,1973-1979).
Kallai Z.
Kallai, Historical Geography of the Bible: The
Keil and De litzsch C.
F. Keil and F. Delitzsch, Commentary on the Old Testament in Ten Volumes II.
Joshua, Judges, Ruth, I and II Samuel, tr. J. Martin (
Kh. Khirbet
(Hirbet).
Koopmans, Joshua 24 W. T.
Koopmans, Joshua 24 as Poetic Narrative, JSOT Supplement 93 (Sheffield:
JSOT Press, 1990).
Koorevaar H.
J. Koorevaar, De Opbouw van het Boek Jozua (Heverlee: Centrum voor
Bijbelse Vorming Belgie/, 1990).
KS A.
Alt, Kleine Schriften zur Geschichte des Volkes
LXX Septuagint
(pre-Christian Greek version of the Old Testament).
LXX A Septuagint
Codex Alexandrinus.
LXX B Septuagint
Codex Vaticanus.
Madvid D.
H. Madvid, Joshua, The Expositor's Bible Commentary 3 (Grand Rapids,
Michigan: Zondervan, 1992).
Mazar B.
Mazar, The Early Biblical Period. Historical Essays, eds. S. Ahituv and
B. A. Levine (Jerusalem: IES, 1986).
Mitchell G.
Mitchell, Together in the Land.
A
MT Massoretic
Text (the standard Hebrew text of the Old Testament).
Na'aman, Borders N.
Na'aman, Borders and Districts
in Biblical Historiography,
NIV New
International Version, 1984.
NJPS New
Jewish Publication Society, 1978.
Noth M.
Noth, Das Buch Josua, Handbuch zur Alten Testament, I/7 (Tu/bingen: Universita/tsverlag, 21953).
NRSV New
Revised Standard Version, 1989.
OBO Orbis
Biblicus et Orientalis.
Ottosson M.
Ottosson, Josuaboken: En programskrift for davidisk restauration, Acta
Universitatis upsaliensis, Studia biblica pusaliensia 1 (Stockholm: Almqvist
& Wiksell, 1991).
OTS Oudtestamentische
Studien.
PEQ
Polzin R.
Polzin, Moses and the Deuteronomist. A Literary Study of the Deuteronomistic
History: Part One. Deuteronomy, Joshua, Judges (New York: Seabury Press,
1980).
POTT D.
J. Wiseman (ed.), Peoples of Old Testament Times (Oxford: Clarendon,
1973).
Power M.
T. Larsen (ed.), Power and Propaganda. A Symposium on Ancient Empires,
MESOPOTAMIA,
RB Revue
Biblique.
RSV Revised
Standard Version, 1952.
SBLSCSS Society
of Biblical Literature Septuagint and Cognate Studies Series.
Scha/fer-Lich-tenberger C. Scha/fer-Lichtenberger,
Josu und Salomo. Eine
Studie zu Autorita/t und Legitimita/t des Nachfolgers im Alten Testament, VT Supplement 58
(Leiden: Brill, 1995).
SJOT Scandinavian
Journal of the Old Testament.
Soggin J.
A. Soggin, Joshua. A Commentary, Old Testament Library (Philadelphia:
Westminster, 1972).
Steuernagel C.
Steuernagel, Deuteronomium und Josua, Hand Kommentar zum Alten Testament
(Go/ttingen: Vandenhoeck und Ruprecht,
21923).
Svensson J.
Svensson, Towns and Toponyms in the Old Testament with Special Emphasis on
Joshua 14-21, CBOTS 38 (Stockholm: Almqvist & Wiksell, 1994).
SWBA Social
World of Biblical Antiquity.
T Tell
(Tel).
TDOT G.
J. Botterweck and H. Ringgren (eds.), Theological Dictionary of the Old
Testament (Grand Rapids, Michigan: Eerdmans,1974- ).
TOTC Tyndale
Old Testament Commentaries.
TynB Tyndale
Bulletin.
UF
v./vv. verse/verses.
VT Vetus
Testamentum.
WBC Word
Biblical Commentary.
Weinfeld, Promise
M. Weinfeld, The Promise of the Land. The Inheritance of the
Winther-Nielsen N.
Winther-Nielsen, A Functional Discourse Grammar of Joshua. A
Computer-Assisted Rhetorical Structure Analysis, CBOTS 40 (Stockholm:
Almqvist & Wiksell, 1995).
World of Ancient
Woudstra M.
H. Woudstra, The Book of Joshua, New International Commentary on the Old
Testament (Grand Rapids, Michigan: Eerdmans, 1981).
WTJ
Younger K.
L. Younger, Jr, Ancient Conquest Accounts. A Study in Ancient Near Eastern
and Biblical History Writing, JSOT Supplement 98 (Sheffield: JSOT
Press, 1990).
ZA Zeitschrift fu/r Assyriologie.
ZAW Zeitschrift fu/r die Alttestamentliche
Wissenschaft.
ZDPV Zeitschrift des Deutschen Pala/stina-Vereins.
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(2) t³d³o¨Ç®Ñ¨÷ªº¤å¤h¡A¤]·|±N¥L̦ۤv©Ò¼gªº§÷®Æ©ñ¦b¸Ì±¡A¦Ó§Ú»{¬°³o¨Ç§÷®Æ»P MT ªººë¯«¬O¡u¬Û²Åªº¡v¡C11
¡@¡@¦«¤Ò¡]Tov¡^¤ÀªR 4QJosb¡A¤]±o¨ìÃþ¦üªºµ²½×¡C12¦Ü©ó©øÄõ¸g¤å»P¤C¤Q¤hĶ¥»ªºÃö«Y¡A®æªL´µ¥ªºµ²½×¬°¡G¡u¬JµM¦b«¤jªº¦¸nŪªk³¡¤À¡A»P¤C¤Q¤hĶ¥»¨Ã¨S¦³¡]³\¦h¡H¡^¬Û²Å¤§³B¡A§ÚÌ«K¤£¥²°²©w³o¨Ç¤å¤hª¾¹D¤C¤Q¤hĶ¥»¶Ç²Î©Ò¿W¦³ªº¯SÂI¡C¡v13
¡@¡@¦º®ü¥j¨÷³Ì«nªº®t²§¡A¬O¦b 4QJosa
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1 J. D. Fowler, Theophoric Personal
Names in Ancient Hebrew. A Comparative Study, JSOT Supplement 49
(Sheffield: JSOT Press, 1988), 114¡ã115¶¡C³oÓ¦W¦rªº§Æþ¤åµÄ¶¡A»P·s¬ùªº¡uC¿q¡v¤@¼Ë¡C
2 J. C. de Moor, The Rise of Yahwism.
The Roots of Israelite Monotheism, BETL 91 (Leuven: University Press and
Peeters, 1990), 13¡ã34¶. De Moor ¦b¼¯¦èªº®É¥N¡A±q¸t¸g¸Ì¥u§ä¨ì¤@Ó³o¼Ëªº¤H¦W¡]33¶¡^¡C
3 E. R. Brotzman, Old Testament Textual
Criticism. A Practical Introduction (Grand Rapids: Baker, 1994), 56¡ã57¶¡C
4 E. Tov, 'The Growth of the Book of
Joshua in the Light of the Evidence of the LXX Translation', Scripta
Heirosolymitana, XXXI. Studies in the Bible 1986 (Jerusalem: Magnes, 1986),
321¶¡C
6 ¥i°Ñ¦Ò L. J. Greespoon, Textual Studies in
the Book of Joshua, HSM 28 (Chico, California: Scholars Press, 1983)¡A¤Î¨ä¥L®Ñ¡C
8 E. Tov, 'The Growth of the Book of
Joshua in the Light of the Evidence of the LXX Translation', 321¡ã339¶¡C
9 R. S. Hess, 'Achan and Achor: Names and
Wordplay in Joshua 7', HAR, 14, 1994, pp. 89¡ã98¡C
12 E. Tov, '4QJoshb', 212¶¡C
14 E. Ulrich, '4QJoshuaa and
Joshua's First Altar in the Promised Land' in G. J. Brooke and F. Gracia
Martinez (eds.), New Qumran Texts and Studies: Proceedings of the First
Meeting of the International Organization for Qumran Studies,
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17 ¥]¬A¡G¥X¤Q¤C9¡B10¡B13¡B14¡A¤G¤Q¥|13¡A¤T¤Q¤G17¡A¤T¤Q¤T11¡F¥Á¤Q¤@28¡A¤Q¤T16¡A¤Q¥|6¡B30¡B38¡A¤G¤Q¤»65¡A¤G¤Q¤C18¡B22¡A¤T¤Q¤G12¡B28¡A¤T¤Q¥|17¡F¥Ó¤@38¡A¤T21¡B28¡A¤T¤Q¤@3¡B7¡B14¡]¨â¦¸¡^¡B23¡A¤T¤Q¥|9¡C
18 Scha/fer-Lichtenberger, 112¶¥D±i¡A³oÃÒ¹ê¤F¬ù®Ñ¨Èªº«n©Ê¡A©M¥L»P¼¯¦èªº¬Û¦ü¤§³B¡A¦]¼¯¦èªº¤¶²Ð¤¤¤]¨S¦³´£¨ì¤÷¿Ëªº¦W¦r¡CScha/fer-Lichtenberger ±j½Õ¬ù®Ñ¨ÈªºÂù«¨¤¦â¡A¤@¤è±¦b¼¯¦èªºÅv¬`¤§¤U¡]«á¨Ó§@¥Lªº±µ¯Z¤H¡^¡A¤@¤è±¤S¬O¿W¥ß²v»âx¶¤ªº¤H¡C³o¨âÓ¨¤¦â¦b¬ù®Ñ¨È°O²Ä¤@³¹¤¤¤S¦A«×¥X²{¡C
19 ³o¬O¦bªk«ß¤W¨S¦³¸q°È¡A¦ý¦b¥\¯à¤W«o¬°¨Æ©^¥t¤@¤Hªº±¡§Î¡C°Ñ Scha/fer-Lichtenberger, 121¶¡C
20 Scha/fer-Lichtenberger, 124¶¡A¥L¤]Æ[¹î¨ì¥t¤@ÓÃþ¦ü³B¡G¬ù®Ñ¨È©M¥H¦â¦C¤H¦³¶ZÂ÷¡A¦Ó«o»P¯«¦Ü¸tªº¨Æ«Ü±µªñ¡]130¶¡^¡C
21 «e®Ñ¡A140¶¡A¨º¸ÌÆ[¹î¨ì¡A¦ó¦èªü¤§¦W·t¥Ü¬ù®Ñ¨È°£¤F©M¼¯¦è¦³¯S®íÃö«Y¤§¥~¡A¤]¦b¸Ó¤ä¬£¤¤¾á¥ô»â³S¡C
22 «e®Ñ¡A144¡B154¶¡A¨º¸Ì«Øij¡A¦b¥Á¼Æ°O²Ä¤Q¥|³¹®É¡A{°Ç©M¬ù®Ñ¨È¨â¤H¤¤¡A¨º¤@¦ì·|³Q¿ï¬°¼¯¦èªºÄ~©Ó¤H¡AÁÙ¤£²M·¡¡C¥Á¼Æ°O²Ä¤G¤Q¤C³¹Åã¥Ü¡A³o¿ï¾Ü¬O¥X©ó¯«¡A¦Ó«D¥X©ó¼¯¦è¡C
23 «e®Ñ¡A166¡B174¡ã175¶¡A¨º¸Ì«Øij¡A¼¯¦è±q¯«ª½±µ±o¨ÓªºÅv¬`¡A¤D¬O¤Q¤À¿W¯Sªº¡AµLªk§¹¥þÂಾ¡C°Ñ¡G¥Ó¤T¤Q¥|10¡C
24 °Ñ¡G¥Ó¤T¤Q¤@7¡A¬ù®Ñ¨È©Ò¨üªº§h©J¬°¡G¡u§An©M³o¦Ê©m¤@¦P¶i¤J¨º¦a¡v¡CScha/fer-Lichtenberger, 177¡ã178¶¡C
25 Scha/fer-Lichtenberger, 186¡ã187¶¡C
26 H. M. Barstad, 'The Understanding of the
Prophets in Deuteronomy', SJOT, 8, 1994, 236¡ã251¶¡C
27 Barstad ¤Þ¥Î Polzin, 74¶¥H¤U¡A¥H¤Î Ottosson,
21¡ã23¶¡C
28 ³o¬O K. Jeppesen ´£¥Xªº¡A'Is Deuteronomy
Hostile Towards Prophets?', SJOT, 8, 1994, 252¡ã256¶¡C
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¡@¡@¨F¥À«¢¡]Shamuha¡^ªº²Ð¬I¥[¡]Shaushga¡^¡A§Úªº¤k¯«¡A¨º®É¤]Åã¥X¦oªº¼f§P¡G§Ú¤@´Nªñ¦oªº¨º¤@¨è¡A¨º¤ì³yªºÀð´N˶ò¤F¡A¦³¤@Ó¡u¦N¥Ö¼»¡v¡]gipes%s%ar¡^¨º»òªø¡C37
¡@¡@(5) ¨È¤z©Ò°½ÅѪºªF¦è¡A³Ì²Å¦X¥D«e¤G¤d¦~¥Nªº«á¥b¡C¦³Ãö¬ü¦nªº¤Ú¤ñÛ¡]©M¦X¡G¥Ü®³¡^¦çªA¡A°Ñ¬ù®Ñ¨È°O¤C21ªºµùÄÀ¡C³o§åªF¦è¸ÌÁÙ¦³¨â¼Ë¤ä«ù³o¶µµ²½×¡C¡u¥Ü®³¡v¤@µü¦b¸t¸g¦n¨Ç¦a¤è³£«ü¤Ú¤ñÛ¡C¦ý¬O¡A¥¦ªº¬Û¹ï·¤§Î¤å¦r¡AS%anh\ar¡A¥u¦b¥D«e¤@¤»¡³¡³¡ã¤@¤T¡³¡³¦~¡A¤~¥X²{¦b¤Ú¤ñÛªº·¤§Î¤åÄm¤¤¡C38¦Ü©ó¤@±øª÷¤l¡A«¤¤QªÙ«È°Ç¡A³o»¡ªk«Ü±µªñ¥D«e¤Q¥|¥@¬ö¨È°¨®³¡]Amarna¡^ªº¦Ì¹F¥§Â§ª«²M³æ¡G¡u¤@¶ôª÷¤l¡A«¤@¤dªÙ«È°Ç¡v¡C
¡@¡@(6) ¬ù®Ñ¨È°O²Ä¤E³¹ªº°ò¹M¤H¦û¾Ú¤F«K¶®¼§¥ì¡A«n¦ÛC¸ô¼»§N¡A¥_¦Ü§B¯S§Q¡C´N¦û»â¥þ¦a¦Ó¨¥¡A±oµÛ³oÓ¦a°Ï¤D¬OÃöÁä©Ò¦b¡CY¨S¦³¥¦¡A¥H¦â¦C·|¤À¬°¨â¥b¡A¤@Ãä¬O¥_¤èªº¥C³®¡A¤@Ãä¬O«n¤èªºµS¤j¤s¦a¡C³o¦a°Ï¦b±ß»É®É´Á¡]¥D«e1550¡ã1200¦~¡^¨S¦³©T©wªº¦í¥Á¡A¤£¹³¤s¥C¦a±a¡CÅK¾¹®É´Á²Ä¤@´Á¡]¥D«e1200¡ã1000¦~¡^¡A¥i¥H¿ë»{¥X¤KÓ§ø¸¨¡A¨ä¤¤¤CÓ¦b³o¦a±aªºªF°Ï¡CÅK¾¹®É´Á²Ä¤@´Áªº¦´Á¡A³o¨Ç¦a¤è¤w¦³¤H©w©~¡C±©¤@§ä¨ì°ò¹M¤H¿ò§}¤§³B¡A¥u¦b°ò¹M¦a°Ï¡C±q³¡¤À«õ¥Xªº¿ò§}¬Ý¥X¡A¦³±ß»É®É´Áªº¤½¹Ó©MÅK¾¹®É´Á²Ä¤@´Áªº¦í®a¡C42
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¡@¡@(8) ¬ù®Ñ¨È°O¤Q¤14´£¨ì¤TÓ¨ÈÓÔ±Úªº¦W¦r¡G¥Ü¿z¡B¨È§Æ¹÷¡B¾Ø¶R¡C¥Ü¿z©M¾Ø¶R¬O¦ó§Q¤Hªº¦W¦r¡A·½©ó¤Ú°Ç´µ©Z¥_Ã䪺¦ó§Q¤å¤Æ¡A³o¤å¤Æ¦b¥D«e¤@¤¤¡³¡ã¤@¤G¡³¡³¦~¼vÅT¤O«Ü¤j¡C49¨È§Æ¹÷¬O¦è°{±Ú¡u{«n¤Æ¡vªº¦W¦r¡C¨ÈÓÔ¤Hªº¦a¬O«n¤è§Æ§B±[ªþªñªº¤s¥C¦a¡C³oÓ¦a°Ïªº¤H¬Û·í²VÂø¡A¨Ó¦Û¦U¤è¡A¤£¶È¸t¸g¦p¦¹°O¿ý¡Aªñ¥N±q³o¦a°Ï§ä¨ìªº¨ä¥L¸ê®Æ¤]¦P¼ËÃÒ¹ê³oÂI¡A¥i¥H¨£ÃÒ¥»¬q¸g¤åªº¥j¦Ñ©Ê¡C50
¡@¡@(9) ¬ù®Ñ¨È°O¤G¤Q¥|2¡ã27¸Ì±°OµÛ¤@¬q¬ù¡A¥¦ªº§Î¦¡©M¤º®e«D±`±µªñ»®¤Hªþ±e°êªº¬ù¡A¬O¥D«e¤G¤d¦~¥N©Ò¯S¦³ªº¡C°Ñ¯«¾Ç³¡¤À C. ¡u¯«»P¥H¦â¦C¤§¬ù¡v¡A¥H¤Î¬ù®Ñ¨È°O¤G¤Q¥|³¹ªºµùÄÀ¡C
¡@¡@¥»®Ñ±N¤£¸Õ¹Ï¡uÃÒ©ú¡v¬ù®Ñ¨È°O¥ô¦ó³¡¤Àªº¾ú¥v©Ê¡C¤£¹L¡A¥»®Ñ±µ¨ü³o¨÷®Ñ«O¦sìªì¡B¥j¦Ñ¸ê®Æªº»¡ªk¡A¦]¬°³o¨Ç¸ê®Æ³£¥i»P¥D«e²Ä¤G¤d¦~¥N±ß´Áªº¨Æ¥ó¬Û°t¡C°£¤F³o¸Ì©Ò¦C¦UÂI¤§¥~¡A¾ã¥»µùÄÀªº¦UÓªþµù³£·|»¡©ú¸g¤å»P¥j¥Nªº±¡¹Ò¦p¦ó¬Û²Å¡A¥HÀ°§UŪªÌÁA¸Ñ¨ä«H®§¡C
29 ³o¸ê®Æ¦³¤@³¡¤À¦b R. S. Hess, 'West Semitic Texts and the
Book of Joshua', Bulletin for Biblical Research ¤¤¦³§ó¸ÔºÉªº»¡©ú¡F¸Ó®Ñ§Y±N¥Xª©¡C
30 °Ñ Mazar, 192¡ã193¶¡FAharoni, Land, 69¶¡C¬ÛÃöªº¨Ó·½¥i¥H¦b»Z¯ó¨÷ Anastasi
I ªº¿Ø¨ë«H¥ó©M Amarna ªº«H¥ó¤¤§ä¨ì¡A¤×¨ä¬O±Àùº»â©Ò¼gªº EA148©M151¡A¤£¹L¦Ü¤ÖÁÙ¦³¤E«Ê¨ä¥L¦a¤èªº«H¥ó¡A¨Ó¦Û Byblos, Babylon, Alashia, ©M Amurru¡C°Ñ R. Hess, Amarna Proper Names (Ann Arbor, Michigan: University
Microfilms, 1984), 460¶¡FE. Wente, Letters from Ancient
31 Weinfeld, Promise, 141¡ã143¶¡C¦³Ãöº~¼¯©Ô¤ñªº«ßªk¡A¥ç¥i°Ñ P.
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32 ³oºØ¿ëÃѪk¡A¦³¿àµø³Ð¥@°O¤T¤Q¤»2¡B20ªº 'Horite' ©M 'Hivite' ¬°³q¥Îªº»¡ªk¡A¥H¤Î±µ¨ü¤C¤Q¤hĶ¥»¹ï³Ð¤T¤Q¤»2©M®Ñ¤E7 'Hivite'
ªºÄ¶ªk¡C°Ñ E. A. Speiser, 'Hurrians', IDB, II, 665¶¡FH. A.
Hofner, 'Hittites and Hurrians', POTT, 1967, 497¡ã503¶§_©w³oºØÃö«Y¡C¤£¹L¡A¥D«e¤Q¥|¥@¬öC¸ô¼»§Nªþªñ¦³¤H¥Î¦ó§Q¤Hªº¦W¦r¡A³o¥ó¨Æ¤ä«ù³o¨âªÌ¬Oµ¥¦Pªº¡CO. Margalith, 'The Hivites', ZAW, 100, 1988, 60¡ã70¶¹Á¸Õ±N¥LÌ»P¦è¦w¯Ç¦«§Q¨Èªº Ahhiyawa ¤Hµø¬°µ¥¦P¡A¦ý³o¦b»y¨¥¤è±»Ýn§@§ó¤jªº½Õ¾ã¡A¦b¥C³®¦a±a¤]§ä¤£¨ì¤°»òÃÒ¾Ú¨¬¥H¤ä«ù¡C
33 W. F. Albright, 'Cilicia and
34 «e®Ñ¡A25¶¡CM. Gorg, 'Hiwwiter im 13. Jahrhundert v.
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36 ¦ó§Q¤H±`©ó¦r§À¥[ -zzi¡A¦Ó
'Perizzite'¤@¦r«O¯d³oºØ§Î¦¡¡A©Î³\¥i¥H¤ä«ù³oºØ¿ëÃÑ¡C¶i¤@¨Bªº°Q½×¡A°Ñ B. Mazar, 'The Early Israelite Settlement in the Hill Country', BASOR,
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43 R. S. Hess, 'Non-Israelite Personal
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44 °Ñ Irqata º»âªº¦W¦r a-du-na¡A©M Byblos ¤@¦ì¤½¥Áªº¦W¦r rabu-si%-id-qi*¡A³oÓ¤H¦b©x©²¤¤¥ô¾¡C
45 Hoham »P Nuzi ¦W¦r h\uh\a ¬Û¦ü¡A¦Ó Piram ¥i©M¤@¨Ç Nuzi ¦W¦r¡A¦p bi-ru ©M be-ru-wa µ¥¤ñ¸û¡A°Ñ R. S. Hess, 'Non-Israelite Personal Names in the Narratives of the Book
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50 «e®Ñ¡C¥ç°Ñ¦b¨º¸Ìµo²{ªº¥D«e¤G¤d¦~¥N·¤§Î¤å¦r¥Ûª©¡A¤W±¦³¦ó§Q¤H©M¦è°{±Ú¤Hªº¦W¦r¡A¸ü©ó M. Anbar and N. Na'aman, 'An Account Tablet of Sheep from Ancient
¢¼¡@¥þ¨÷µ²ºc
¢Ï¡@¶Ç²Î°ªµ¥Å²§Oªk
¡@¡@¬ù®Ñ¨È°O¨S¦³»¡©ú§@ªÌ¬O½Ö¡A©Î¥¦¬O¥Ñþ¨Ç¸ê®Æ²Õ¦¨¡C¾ÇªÌ¹Á¸Õ±q¨âÓ°ªµ¥Å²§Oªº¨¤«×¡A¨Ó´yz¬ù®Ñ¨È°Oªºµ²ºc¡G¥Ó©R°O¨Ó·½»P½s¿è¡A¥H¤Î¶Ç²Îªº¾ú¥v¡C51
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i. ¥Ó©R°O¨Ó·½»P½s¿è
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¡@¡@³Ìªñªº¬ã¨s«hÅý¤H«·sª`·N¤@Ó¸û¦ªº°²»¡¡A³oÓ°²»¡¿ëÃÑ¥X¬ù®Ñ¨È°O¤¤¸g¹L²½¥q¦¡ªº½s¿è¡A¤×¨ä¬O¤Q¤T¡ã¤G¤Q¤@³¹¤À°t¦a·~ªº³¡¤À¡C60µM¦Ó¡A§Ú̹ï¬ù®Ñ¨È°O¤¤³o¨Ç¥Ó©R°O¦¡©M²½¥q¦¡ªº½s¿è¼h¡A¤£¯à¤@¦¨¤£Åܪº±µ¨ü¡C°²©w¥Ó©R°O¦¡¯«¾Ç¥u¦b¬ù¦è¨È®É´Á¡A¥H¤Î¤ÀªR¬ù®Ñ¨È°O®É¤£ÅU¨ä¥j¥NªñªF±¡¹Òªº§@ªk¡A³£¹J¨ìÃøÃD¡C¥¬Ã¹§J¡]Block¡^«ü¥X¡A³\¦h¤H©Ò´£»P¥Ó©R°O¦¡¥DÃD¬ÛÃöªº¯«¾Ç·§©À¡A¨ä¹ê¨Ã«D¥H¦â¦C©Ò¿W¦³¡A¤]¤£©ó²Ä¤C¥@¬ö¡A¦Ó¬O¥j¥NªñªF¦U°ê¬Û·í±`¨£ªº·§©À¡C61¦]¦¹¡AYn¨M©w¤é´Á¡A©Î½T©w¥H¦â¦C¤¤þ¤@¬q®É´Á¯S§O·|¥X²{¥Ó©R°O¦¡§@ªÌ¡A¨Ã«D©ö¨Æ¡C·¨®æ¤w¸g»¡©ú¡A¬ù®Ñ¨È°O¤E¡ã¤Q¤G³¹¾ú¥vªº®Ö¤ß³¡¤À¡A»P·í¥N¡]¥D«e1300¡ã600¦~¡^©ºªA°O¿ý¡]³o¨Ç°O¿ý±`³Q¥j¥NªñªF¾ú¥v¾Ç®aµø¬°¾ú¥v¸ê®Æ¢w¢wÁöÃø§K¦³°¾¨£¡^ªºÃö«Y«Ü±K¤Á¡A©Ò¥H§Ú̵Lªk»¡¡A¥¦Ì¤D¬O«á´Á©Ò´¡¤Jªº¡C¦]¦¹¡A¨ä¤¤¯«ªº§@¬°©M¸Ü»y¡A¨Ã¤£¬O«á¨Ó¤~´¡¶i¾Ô°O¤¤ªº¡A¦]¬°©Ò¦³¥j¥NªñªF¾Ôª§°O¿ý³£¥H¦¹¬°¥Dn¯S¦â¡C¯«¾Ç©M¬G¨Æ¤£À³¸Ó©î¶}¨Ó¬Ý¡C
53 T. F. Fretheim, Deuteronomistic
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54 S. Lasine, 'Jehoram and the Cannibal
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57 J. Wellhausen, Prolegomena to the
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58 ¥ç°Ñ M. Weinfeld, Deuteronomy and the
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59 R. D. Nelson, 'Josiah in the Book of
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... ' Collected Communications to the XIVth Congress of the International
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am Main: Peter Lang, 1996), 53¡ã67¶¡C
60 °Ñ¾É½×¢¾¡@¡u¬ù®Ñ¨È°O¤Q¤T¡ã¤G¤Q¤@³¹ªº¦a·~¤À°t¡v¡C
61 D. Block, The Gods of the Nations:
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ii. ¶Ç²Îªº¾ú¥v
¡@¡@³\¦h¾ÇªÌ³£©Ó»{¡A¬ù®Ñ¨È°Oªº¬G¨Æ¤¤§t¦³¤@¨Ç¾ú¥v»ùÈ¡A¦]¦¹¥LÌ»Ýn§ä¨ì¤@ºØ³~®|¡]¦p¡G¥Ó©R°O¦¡¡B²½¥q¦¡µ¥¡^¡A¨Ó±N³o¥÷§÷®Æ¤º¦´Áªº¦¨¤À»P«á¨Ó¥[¤Jªº¤å¥ó¬Û³s¡C¦³¤Hª`·N¨ì¡A¬ù®Ñ¨È°O«e¤E³¹¬OÁ¿¨ì¦b«K¶®¼§¦a©Òµo¥Íªº¨Æ¡A¨ä¤¤±j½Õ¦N¥Ò¦³¤@¤¤¤ß¸t©Ò¡C©Ò¥H¥LÌ«Øij¡A¬O¦b¸Ó¦aªº²½¥q«O¦s¤F¨º¬q¬ù®Ñ¨È°Oªº¸g¤å¡C²Ä¤K¡ã¤G¤Q¥|³¹Á¿¨ì¦b¥Ü¼C§ó·s¸t¬ù¡C¦³¤H»{¬°¡A³oÓ¦aÂI¤D¬O¦´Á¦U¤ä¬£ªº¶°¤¤¦a¡C®¿¤hÂǥΥj§Æþ©Mù°¨ªº¼Ò¦¡¡A´£¥X¤@ºØªñ¾F¦P·ù©Î¤ä¬£Áp·ù»¡¡A¥H¥Ü¼C¬°¤¤¤ß¡C¦ý«á¨ÓªÀ·|¾Ç¬ã¨s«ü¥X¡A±N«á´Áªº¼Ò¦¡²¾´Ó¨ì±q«eªº®É´Á¡A¬O¦æ¤£³qªº¡A¦]¦¹¤£¯à±Nªñ¾F¦P·ùÀ³¥Î©ó¥j¥Nªº¥H¦â¦C¡C62¤£¹L¡A³oˤ£¦Ü©ó§_©w¤ä¬£¶¡¦X§@ªº¥i¯à©Ê¡C63³o¨Ç°²»¡ªº»ùÈ¡A¦b©ó¦CÁ|¥X¦UºØ¾ú¥vªº¥i¯à©Ê¡A¥H»¡©ú¹³¬ù®Ñ¨È°Oªº¸g¤å¦p¦ó¯à«O¦s¤U¨Ó¡A¤@ª½¨ìC¸ô¼»§Nªº¤ý´Â®É´Á¡C
¡@¡@ªñ¤é¦³¨Ç¬ã¨s¬ù®Ñ¨È°Oªº¤H¡A±µ¨ü¼g§@¤é´Á¦b¥ß°ê¤§«eªº»¡ªk¢w¢w©Î¬O¥þ¨÷¡A©Î¬O¨ä¤¤¤j³¡¤À¡C64¦³¨Ç¤H«h·Q±N¬ùªº¤é´Á©w¦b§Æþ®É´Á¡A¥q¶Ç¦N¡]Strange¡^¥D±i¬ù®Ñ¨È°O¼g©ó¥D«e²Ä¤G¥@¬ö¡C65¥Lªº²z¥Ñ¬°¦aÂIªº¦WºÙ¡B¤Ï{«nªºÅ@±Ð·N¨ý¡B²½¥q¨Ó·½ªº¼vÅT¡B¥þ®Ñ¦ü¥G¤£¯à¿Ä¤J¾ãÓ¬G¨Æªº¯ßµ¸¤¤¡A¥H¤Î¹ï¥Ü¼Cªº±j½Õ¡C³o¨ÇÀô¹Òªº²z¥Ñ¨Ã¤£¥R¤À¡C¦a¦Wªí¤¤¯Ê¥F¤¤¥¡¥C³®¦aªº«°Âí¡A©Î³\¤Ï¬M¥Xº¿®³¦è©M¥Hªk½¬¤§¦a·~ªº¯SÂI¡A³o»P®a±Ú¾ú¥v©Mº¥ý©w©~¤§¦a¦³Ãö¡C66¤Ï{«nªºÅ@±Ð·N¨ý¤Ïˤä«ù¼g§@¤é´Á¸û¦ªº¬Ýªk¡C¦b¾ú¥v©Ê¸g¤å¤¤¡A{«n¤H¦b¦C¤ý¬ö¤W¤E20¡ã21¤§«á¡A´N¨S¦³¥X²{¹L¡C67§Y¨Ï°²©w²½¥q¨Ó·½ªº½T¦s¦b¡A¥¦¤]¤£¤@©w¬O«¢´µ¼¯¥§¡]Hasmonean¡^¤å¥ó¡C±q»y¨¥¾Ç¥i¥HÁ|¥X«Ü¦nªº²z¥Ñ¡A±N¥¦ªº¤é´Á©w¦b³Q¾Û¤§«e¡C68¬ù®Ñ¨È°O¥Ø«eªº¦ì¸m¨Ã¤£¨ã¯}Ãa©Ê¡A¥¦´yz³o¤ù°ê¤g¬O«ç¼Ë©ºªA¨Óªº¡A¥¿²Å¦X³o¸Ìn±Ôz°ê®a¾ú¥vªºªì°J¡C69¥H¥Ü¼C¬°¥ß¬ù¤§¦aªº±j½Õ¡A¦b¥Ó©R°O²Ä¤G¤Q¤C³¹¤w¸g¥X²{¹L¡C¥¦°_ªì¬O¥_°êªºº³£¡A¦Ó±q¨È°¨®³®Ñ«H¤¤¥¦ªº¥X²{¬Ý¨Ó¡A³o¦a¤è·í¦~´¿¬O¬Fªv¤¤¤ß¡A¦b¤å¾Ç¤W¥ç»át²±¦W¡C70
¡@¡@©Î³\¤µ«áªº¬ã¨s¯à«Ø¥ß§óéTªº°ò¦¡A¥H¿ëÃѬù®Ñ¨È°O¤ºªº¨Ó·½¡B¾ú¥v¶Ç²Î¡A©M½s¿èªº¤âµ§¡C³o¨Ç¨Ã¤£¬O¥»®Ñ©Òn±´¨sªº¡CÁöµM§@ªÌ©M¼g§@µ²ºcµLªk§@¥X©w½×¡A¦ý¥»®Ñªº¥j¦Ñ©Ê¦³¬Û·í¦hªºÃÒ¾Ú¡A°£¤F¥H¤W©Ò´£¤§¥~¡A©|¦³¡G©ºªA°O¿ýªº¤å¾Ç§Î¦¡¡]¤E¡ã¤Q¤G³¹¡A¨£¸Ó³BªºµùÄÀ¡^¡B¥Dn«°Âíªí©MÃä¬Éªº¼gªk¤D¬O¤@ºØ±ø¬ùªº§Î¦¡¡]°Ñ¡u¬ù®Ñ¨È°O¤Q¤T¡ã¤G¤Q¤@³¹ªº¦a·~¤À°t¡v¡Aì®Ñ61¡ã64¶¡^¡A¥H¤Î¨ä¤¤«Ü¹³±ø¬ù§Î¦¡ªº¥ß¬ù¨å§°O¿ý¡]°Ñ¡u¥j¦Ñ©Ê¡v²Ä9ÂI¡Aì®Ñ34¶¡A©M¨º¸Ìªº°Ñ¦Ò¸ê®Æ¡^¡C³oÅã¥Ü¡A¤@¯ë©Ò¿×¥Ó©R°O¦¡ªº¯«¾ÇÃöª`ÁöµM¦s¦b¡A¦ý¨Ã¨S¦³§ïÅܳo¨Ç¤å¾Ç§Î¦¡¡A¥H¤Î§ÚÌ©ÒÆ[¹î¨ìªº¦U¶µÃÒ¾Ú¡C¬Û¤Ïªº¡AY´`µÛ³o¨÷®Ñªº¥¿¨å¦ì¸m¥H¤Î¨ä¥j¥NªñªFÀô¹Ò¨Ó¬ã¨s¡A©Ò±oªº¦L¶H¬°¡G¥¦¤Q¤À¥j¦Ñ¡A³\¦hÂI³£»P¦¹¬Û²Å¡C¤U¤@¬q©Ò¦CÁ|ªºªñ¤é¬ã¨s¦¨ªG¡A¥i¥H¬°¨Ò¡C
62 N. K. Gottwald, '
63 °Ñ Butler ªº°Q½×©M®Ñ¥Ø¡Axxxiii-xxxv¶¡C
64 Martin
65 J. Strange, 'The Book of Joshua: A
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66 °ÑµùÄÀ¤¤¹ï³o¨Ç¦W³æªºÂ²¤¶¡]ªí¤Q¤T¦Üªí¤Q¤C¡^¡C
67 Mitchell, 127¶¡C
68 °Ñ Y. Kaufmann, The Religion of
69 °Ñ Weinfeld, Promise, 22¡ã51¶¡C
70 °Ñ¤ý¤W¤Q¤G25; R. S. Hess, 'Smitten Ant Bites Back:
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¢Ð¡@¤å¾Ç¬ã¨sªk
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¡@¡@¥Î¤å¾Ç¬ã¨sªº§Þ¥©¨Ó¥J²Ó¬ãŪ§Æ§B¨Ó¸t¸g³Ì«áªº§Î¦¡¡A©Î¥¿¨å§Î¦¡¡A¤]¬O¥»µùÄÀªº¥Dn¦¨¤À¡C¬ù®Ñ¨Èªº±U°_¡B¯«ªº¸t¼ä©M®¦´f¡A¥H¤Î¸t¬ùªº±¡¹Ò¡A³£¬O¥»®Ñªº¥Dn¯SÂI¡A¯àÀ°§U§ÚÌÁA¸Ñ¥»®Ñ¡AÀ´±oªY½à¥¦ªº¦h±m¦h«º¡C
71 ©Ò¥H¡A©M¤h®v°O²Ä¤@³¹¬ÛÃöªº¸g¤å¥i¥Hºâ¬°ÄÝ©ó¦´ÁªºJ¡]Yahwist¡^¨Ó·½¡A¦ÓÁ¿¨ì§¹¥þ©ºªAªº¸g¤å¡A¦p®Ñ¤@¡ã¤Q¤G³¹ªº¤j³¡¤À¡A«h¥iºâ¬°ÄÝ©ó¸û±ßªºE¡]Elohist¡^¨Ó·½¡C°ÑR. Dillard and T. Longman III, Introduction to the Old Testament (Downers
Grove and Leicester: Inter-Varsity Press, 1995), 109¶¡C¤¤¤å¡G¡m21¥@¬ö¬ù¾É½×¡n¡A®Õ¶é¡A1999¡A130¶¡C
72 ¨ú¦Û R. S. Hess, 'Studies in the Book of
Joshua', Themelios, 20.3, May 1995, 12¡ã15¶¡C
73 Hawk; Mitchell¡C¦³Ãö Mitchell ©M Hawk ¹ï¡u·Àµ´¥O¡vªº¬Ýªk¡A°Ñ¾É½×¡u¯«¾Ç¡v¢Ï¡@¡u¸t¾Ô»P·Àµ´¥O¡v¡C
74 Koopmans; ¦P§@ªÌ¡A'Josh. 23 and 24 Again: A Response to
Klaas Spronk' in J. C. de Moor and W. G. E. Watson (eds.), Verse in Ancient
Near Eastern Prose, AOAT 42 (Kevelaer: Butzon & Bercker;
Neukirchen-Vluyn: Neukirchener, 1993), 261¡ã263¶¡C
75 Weinfeld, Promise.
76 Polzin; D. M. Gunn, 'Joshua and Judges'
in R. Alter and F. Kermode (eds.), The Literary Guide to the Bible (Cambridge,
Massachusetts: Belknap/Harvard, 1987), 102¡ã121¶¡C
77 J. Van Seters, 'Joshua's Campaign of
78 °Ñ¤G¤Q¤@43¡ã45ªº¼Wµù¡G©ºªA¬O¥þ±¡AÁÙ¬O³¡¤À¡H¡C
79 R. S. Hess, 'Asking Historical Questions
of Joshua 13¡ã19: Recent Discussion Concerning the Date of the Boundary Lists' in FTH,
191¡ã205¶¡C
80 R. S. Hess, 'Late Bronze Age and
Biblical Boundary Descriptions of the West Semitic World' in
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81 ¥ç°Ñ\cs15 R. Hess,
'Joshua' in W. Elwell (ed.), Evangelical Dictionary of Biblical Theology¡]Grand
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82 ¦b´X¸`¤§«e¡]¤G¤Q¤@1¡ã3¡^¡A°O¸ü¥H¦â¦C¦b«n¦aªº«°ÂíÀ»±Ñ¼Äx®É¡A³oÓ¦r´¿¥X²{¹L¡C¨º¸Ì¬O¥Î¨Ó¸ÑÄÀ¸Ó¦a°Ïªº¤@Ó«°¦W¡A¦óÒº¿¡A³oÓ·§©À·|¤£·|©µ¦ù©ó¾ã³¹¡A¦Ó±N¨Èº¿¤O¤H¤]¥]¬A¦b¤º¡H
84 °Q½×»P¸g¤å¡A¨£ Younger, 235¡ã236¶¡FM.
Liverani, Prestige and Interest, 129¡ã130¶¡C
86 ¼¯©ã¸O¤å¤W¡A¥H¤Î¬ù¸g¤åÁ¿¨ì¾Ôª§ªº¸g¤å¡A¹ï¡u·Àµ´¡v¤@µüªº¥Îªk¡A¦³¤H»{¬°¬O¦³¡u©T©wªºµ²ºc¡v¡C¤£¹L¡A³oºØµ²ºc¨ä¹ê¬Û·í¤@¯ë©Ê¡A¥ô¦ó¤@¬q¹ï¾Ôª§ªº´yz¡A³£¥i¥H¥Î±o¤W¡A¨Ò¦p¡G§t¦³¤@¬q¯«¿Ù¡Bx¶¤ªº¥Xµo¡B¾Ôª§¡B«°¥«ªº§ð¨ú¡B©~¥Áªº±O±þ¡B±°ª«ªºÀèú¡B¥H¤Î¡]·íµM¡^¨Ï¥Î¡u·Àµ´¡v¤@µü¡I°Ñ G. L. Mattingly, 'Moabite Religion and the Mesha' Inscription' in
87 °Ñ H. Tadmor, 'Autobiographical Apology in
the Royal Assyrian Literature' in HHI, 42¶¡FM. Liverani, 'The Ideology of the
Assyrian Empire' in Power, 297¡ã317 (301)¶¡C
88 ¯«¦bx¨Æ¤Wªº³oºØ¨¤¦â¡A°Ñ T. Longman III and D. G. Reid, God Is
a Warrior, Studies in Old Testament Biblical Theology (Carlisle:
Paternoster, 1995), 31¡ã47¶¡C
89 ³o¥i¥H¸ÑÄÀ¡A¬°¦ó°ò¹M¤H¸Ë§ê¦¨¨Ó¦Û»·¤èªº®È¤H¡]®Ñ¤E3¡ã13¡^¡CµM¦Ó¡A¥L̬O§_´©¥Î¤F³o¬q¸g¤å¡A¨Ã¤£²M·¡¡CµL½×¦p¦ó¡A³o¬q©ÒÃöª`ªº¡A¨Ã¤£¬O°ò¹Mªº¤H©Ê©R¡A¦Ó¬O¥H¦â¦C¤H¦b§@¨M©w¤§«e¡A¨Ã¨S¦³¨D°Ý¯«¡C
90 °Ñ Polzin, 88¡ã90¶¡C
91 Hawk, 73¶¡C
92 Hawk, 44¡ã45¶¡C
93 °Ñ Butler, 86¶¡FJ. P. U. Lilley, 'Understanding the H]erem'; G. Mitchell, Together in the Land, 52¡ã82¶¡C
94 J. P. U. Lilley, 'Understanding the H]erem', 174¶¡A´£¨ì°Ñ·Ó T. C. Mitchell, 'The Old Testament Usage of n#s%a{ma^', VT, 11, 1961, 177¡ã187¶¡C
95 °Ñ B. K. Waltke and M. O'Connor, An
Introduction to Biblical Hebrew Syntax (Winona Lake, Indiana: Eisenbrauns,
1991), 669¡ã670¶¡A39.3.5¡C
96 T. Longman III and D. G. Reid, God Is
a Warrior, 91¡ã192¶¡C
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¡@¡@·s¬ùªº¬Û¥æ¸g¾ú¤º²[«D±`Â×´I¡A¦Ó¬ù¥H¦â¦C¤H±oµÛ¦a·~ªº¸g¾ú¡A±q¯«¾ÇªºÃþ¤ñ¦Ó¨¥¡A»P°ò·þ®{ªº¸g¾ú¦³³\¦h¬Û¦ü¤§³B¡C§ÚÌ¥²¶·µø³o¨âªÌ¬Ò¬°±ÏÅ«ªº¥Øªº©M¼Ò¦¡¡A¨Ã¤£¬O±ÏÅ«ªº°¸µo¨Æ¥ó¡A©ÎÁ{®Éª¬ªp¡C¥X®J¤Î³Ì²M·¡ªº¥Øªº¡A¤D¬On¥h¨É¨ü¯«©Ò½ç¡u¬ü¦a¡vªº¤@¤ÁÂײ±¡F¦Ó°ò·þ©Ò±a¨Óªº±ÏÅ«¡A¥Ø¼Ð«h¬O¡u±q¤ß¸Ì©¼¦¹¤Á¹ê¬Û·R¡v¡]©¼«e¤@22¡^¢w¢w¹ê½î¦b¥Í¬¡¤¤¡C³o¨â¥ó¨Æ³£»P¨à¤lªº¦a¦ì¬Û³s¡A¨ä¬ÛÃöªº¥DÃD«h¬O²£·~©MÀ³³\¡C³o¨â¥ó¨Æ¬O»P¯«¯u¥¿µo¥ÍÃö«YªºÃÒ©ú¡A¦]¬°±©¦³¦¨¬°Í¢±ÏÅ«¹ÎÅ骺¤@¥÷¤l¡A¤~¦³¸ê®æ±oµÛ¡C¤g¦a¬O¦³Ãä¬Éªº¡A¦P¼Ë¡A¬Û¥æ¤]¦³½d³ò¡A¤Z¬O²æÂ÷¦¹½d³òªº¡A©Î¬O¤£Ä@·N±µ¨üªº¡A³£Åã©ú³o¤H¨Ã¤£¬O¯«¤l¥Á¤¤ªº¤@¥÷¤l¡]°Ñ¡G¬ù³ü¤G19¡F¤Ó¤Q¤K15¡ã17¡^¡C
98 E. W. Davies, 'Land: Its Rights and
Privileges' in World of Ancient
99 ¦]¦¹¡AOttosson ªº«Øij´NÅã±o¬Û·í²o±j¡A¥Ln§â¬ù®Ñ¨È°O²Ä¤Q¤T³¹©M¤Q¥|¡ã¤G¤Q¤@³¹¤À¶}¡C¦ý¡A¬ÛÃöªº¤Hª«¨s³º¬O¼¯¦èÁÙ¬O¬ù®Ñ¨È¡A¨ä¹ê«ÜÃøÁ¿¡C¨âÓ¤H³£²Å¦X¦P¼Ëªº¨¤¦â¡A¥¿¦p¬ù®Ñ¨È°OÀY´X³¹©Ò±j½Õªº¡C°Ñ Ottosson; Svensson, 11¶¡C¦b²Ä¤Q¤T³¹»P¤G¤Q¤G³¹§ä¨ì´yz¬y«K¡B{±o¡B©Mº¿®³¦è¥b¤ä¬£ªº°O¸ü¡A¨Ã¤£¨£±o·|¨Ï³o¨Ç¸g¤å»P¥æ´ªº¸g¤å¤À¶}¡A¤Ï¦Ó§óÅã±o¥¦Ì¬O¦X¦b¤@°_ªº¡A¦]¬°¥þ®Ñªº¾ãÓ«á¥b¬q¡A³£¦b¬°²Ä¤G¤Q¥|³¹¾Q¸ô¡C
100 R. S. Hess, 'Fallacies in the Study of
Early
¢Ñ¡@¯«»P¥H¦â¦C¤§¬ù
¡@¡@¬ù®Ñ¨È°O¤K30¡ã35©M¤G¤Q¥|1¡ã27ªº¥ß¬ù¨å§¡AI´º¬O¥H¦â¦C¤Hªº¶¶ªA¡C²Ä¤³¹¥H³Î§©M¹L¹O¶V¸`¡A¹w³Æ¦Ê©m¨Ó¥ß¬ù¡C³o¬q¸g¤åÅã¥Ü¡A¬ù®Ñ¨È°O²Ä¤³¹ªº¨º¤@¥N¤H¡A¤w¸g¤£¬O¦bÃm³¥¨ü¼f§P¦Ó¦ºªº¨º¤@¥N¡C³o¨Ç¥H¦â¦C¥Á¤D¬OÀ³³\ªº©Ó¨üªÌ¡A³oÀ³³\¬O¤W¥D¯«½çµ¹¦C¯ªªº¡A¤]¬OÍ¢¦b¦è¤D¤s¤W½çµ¹¥H¦â¦C¤Hªº¡C³oÓ°ê®a¬JµªÀ³©Ó¾á¬ùªº³d¥ô¡A«H¦u¬ùªº¼y¨å¡A´Nºâ¤w¸g¹w³Æ¦n¡A¥i¥H»â¨ü¯«ªºÀ³³\¤F¡C
¡@¡@¬ù®Ñ¨È°O²Ä¤G¤Q¥|³¹¬O¥H¬G¨Æªº§Î¦¡¡A´yz¨º§å¸òÀH¬ù®Ñ¨È¶i¤JÀ³³\¤§¦aªº¥H¦â¦C¤H¡A¦A«×»P¯«§ó·s©Ò¥ßªº¬ù¡C³o¥ó¨Æ»P¬ù®Ñ¨È°O¤K30¡ã35ªº¥ß¬ù¨å§·íµM¬ÛÃö¡A¦Ó¨ºÓ¨å§¥»¨¤]¬O¿í·Ó«e¤Hªº§h©J¦Ó¦æªº¡C¤£¹L¡A¦b¤G¤Q¥|³¹¡A¬ùªº§Î¦¡«oÅã±o§ó¬°§¹³Æ¡C°Òµn»¨¡]Mendenhall¡^®Ú¾Ú¦¥ýªº¥t¤@¥»®Ñ¡A»{¬°¸t¸gªº¬ù»P¥j¥N»®¤H¡]¬ù¥D«e1500¡ã1200¦~¡^ÿÄÝ°ê±ø¬ùªºµ²ºc¬Û¦P¡C102¥L«Øij¡A³o¨âºØ¤å¥ó¬JµM§Î¦¡¬Û¦P¡A«K³£¬Oªí©ún¦b©v¥D»PÿÄݤ§¶¡«Ø¥ß¤@ºØ¥¿¦¡ªºÃö«Y¡]´N¥H¦â¦C¦Ó¨¥¡A«K¬O¯«©M¥H¦â¦C¡^¡C³oºØ§Î¦¡ªºµ²ºc¬°¡G¤Þ¨¥¡B±Ô¥v¡B¤@¨t¦C±ø´Ú¡B¬°±N¤å¥ó©ñ©ó¼q°ó¨Ã«ÅŪµ¹²³¥ÁÅ¥©Ò§@ªº¹w³Æ¡B¨£ÃÒ¯«¬éªº²M³æ¡A¥H¤Î©G¶A¡]Y¤£¶¶ªA¡^©M¯¬ºÖ¡]Y¶¶ªA¡^¡C³o¤@¤Á³£¦b¥¿¦¡°_»}ªº¨å§¤¤¶i¦æ¡C®Ú¾Ú«á¨Óªºµo²{¡A¥D«e²Ä¤@¤d¦~ªº®É¥N¥i¥H§ä¨ì±ø¬ù¦¡ªº¤å¦r¡C¥i¬O¡A³o¨Ç¤å¦r¨S¦³±Ô¥v³¡¤À©M¹ï¶¶ªA©Ò§@ªºÀ³³\¦¡¯¬ºÖ¡C
¡@¡@¦³¨Ç¤H¤Ï¹ï±N³oºØ§Î¦¡¥Î©ó¸t¸gªº¬ù¤¤¡C³oºØ¥ß³õ¦³¤@³¡¤Àì¦]¥i¯à¬°¡G¤£Ä@·N±µ¨üÀH³oºØ»{¦P¦Ó¨Óªº°²³]¡C¨Ò¦p¡A¦pªG¸t¸gªº¬ù¡A¦p¥Ó©R°O©M¬ù®Ñ¨È°O©Ò¸ü¡A¬O±Ä¨ú»®¤Hªº±ø¬ùµ²ºc¡A§ÚÌ«K¥²¶·½èºÃ¬Y¨Ç¤Hªº°²©w¡A§Y¡G³o¨Ç¸ê®Æªº¼g§@¤é´Á¤£¥i¯à¦b¥D«e²Ä¤@¤d¦~¥N¤§«e¡C²Ä¤@¤d¦~®É¥Nªº±ø¬ù§¡¨S¦³±Ô¥v©Î¯¬ºÖªº±ø´Ú¡A±©¿W¥D«e²Ä¤G¤d¦~®É¥Nªº¤å¥ó¤~¦³¡C¦³¨Ç¾ÇªÌ¹Á¸Õ§_©w¸t¸g¤§¬ù·|¥ÎÃþ¦ü±ø¬ùªº¤è¦¡¼g¦¨¡C103¥LÌ»{¬°¡A³o¨âªÌ¤§¶¡²@¤£¬Û¤z¡CÁÙ¦³¨Ç¤H±j½Õ»P¤@¤d¦~®É¥Nªº±ø¬ù§@¤ñ¸û»P¹ï¤ñ¡A«o¤£»{¯u¦Ò¼{§ó¦®É´Áªº§Î¦¡¡C104¤£¹L¡A³o¨âªÌµ²ºcªºÃþ¦üªº½T¦s¦b¡A¥¿¦p°ò´Ü¡]Kitchen¡^©Ò§@ªº¤@³s¦ê»¡©ú¡C105¬ù®Ñ¨È°O²Ä¤G¤Q¥|³¹ÁöµM¥»¨¤£¬O¤@¬q¥ß¬ù¤å¦r¡A«o³ø¾É¤F³o¼Ëªº¤@Ó¬ù¡]25¸`¡^¡C±ø¬ù©M¸t¬ù¤§¬ù¤º©Ò¥Îªºµü·J¡A³£¦³¯S©wªº·N¸q¡A¦bÁA¸Ñ¬ù®Ñ¨È°Oªº³o¨Ç¸g¤å¤W¡A³oÃþÃҾګܦ³§U¯q¡C106
¡@¡@¬ù®Ñ¨È°O²Ä¤G¤Q¥|³¹¬O¤@Ó°ª¼é¡A»¡©ú¯«¦p¦ó¹ï«ÝÍ¢ªº¦Ê©m¡A¤£¦ý¶ì³y¤F¥LÌ¡AÁÙ±N¥L̦w¸m¦bÀ³³\¤§¦a¤º¡C¥¦¤]¦¨¬°¥H¦â¦C¦b³o¤ù¤g¦a¤W¤§¾ú¥vªº¤Þ¤¶¡A³]©w¤F«H¤ß»P¹Îµ²ªº¼Ð·Ç¡A¥i±¤«á¥Nªº¤HÂA¯à«ù¦u¡C
102 V. Koros%ec, Hethitische Staatvertra/ge. Ein Beitrag zu ihrer
juristischen Wertung, Leipziger rechtswissenschaftliche Studien 60 (
103 ¦UºØµ{«×ªº§å§P¡A¥i°Ñ L. Perlitt, Bundestheologie im Alten
Testament, Wissenschaftliche Monographien zum Alten und Neuen Testament
(Neukirchen: Neukirchener Verlag, 1969); M. Weinfeld, Deuteronomy and the
Deuteronomic School (Oxford: Clarendon, 1972); E. W. Nicholson, God and
His People: Covenant and Theology in the Old Testament (Oxford: Clarendon,
1986)¡C
104 D. J. McCarthy, Treaty and Covenant.
A Study in Form in the Ancient Oriental Documents and in the Old Testament,
AB
105 K. A. Ktchen, Ancient Orient and Old
Testament, (London, Tyndale, 1966), 90¡ã102¶¡F¦P§@ªÌ, The Bible in Its World (Exeter:
Paternoster, 1977), 79¡ã85¶¡F¦P§@ªÌ, 'The Fall and Rise of Covenant, Law and Treaty', TynB, 40, 1989,
124¡ã135¶¡F¦P§@ªÌ, 'New Directions in Biblical Archaeology: Historical and Biblical Aspects'
in BAT, 43¡ã44¶; ¦P§@ªÌ, 'The Patriarchal Age, Myth or History?', BAR 21/2. March/April
1995, 52¡ã56¶¡C
106 °Ñ¥H¤Uªº¬ã¨s»P®Ñ¥Ø¡GP. Kalluveetil, Declaration and
Covenant, AB 88 (Rome: Biblical Institute Press, 1982)¡C¦Ü©ó¬ù®Ñ¨È°O²Ä¤G¤Q¥|³¹¡A¥i°Ñ Koopmans ªººKn¡A60¡ã61¶¡C
¢Ò¡@¸t¼ä»P±ÏÅ«ªº¯«
¡@¡@¬ù®Ñ¨È°Oªº¨C¤@³¡¤À¡A³£¦b±j½Õ¯«¦p¦ó¬°¥H¦â¦C©M¬ù®Ñ¨È¬I®i®¦´f»P±ÏÅ«ªº§@¬°¡C±q²Ä¤@³¹°_¡A¯«´N«ü´§¥H¦â¦C©M¬ù®Ñ¨È¡C²Ä¤G³¹¡A³â¦X©Ó»{¤F¯«¹L¥hªº¬@±Ï¡]9¡ã11¸`¡^¡A´£¨Ñ¤F¾ãÓ¬G¨ÆªºI´º¡C¦Ó¯«¸Ñ±Ï¤F³â¦X¡AÅã©úÍ¢¬O¦³¼¦¼§ªº¯«¡C¦P®É¤]Ãҹ꯫¬O¤½¸qªº¡AÍ¢¬°¦Û¤v¦Ê©m©w¤F¦®·N¡A¤Z¬O¹x±j©è§Üªº¤H¡AÍ¢¥þ³£À»¼ì¡A®ø·ÀºÉ²b¡C
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¡@¡@²Ä¤Q¤T¡ã¤G¤Q¤@³¹ªº±¡¹Ò¡A¥]¬A¤F«e¤Q¤G³¹Á¿¨ì©ºªAªº¨Æ¥ó¡C¬JµM¤g¦a¤w¸g¦û»â¡A±µ¤U¨Óªº¤@¨B«K¬O¤À°t¦a·~¡C115¦a¤¤®ü¤@±a¨ä¥L¥j¥N¥Á±Úªº©ºªA°O¿ý¡A¤]¬O±Ä¥Î³oÓ¶¶§Ç¡A¤×¨ä¬O§Æþ¤å¾Ç¤¤¹ï·s´Þ¥Á¦aªº°O¸ü¡C116¦U¤ä¬£¹ê»Úªº¦a·~¤À°t¡A¤jP¤W¬O«öµÛ©ºªAªº¦¸§Ç°O¸ü¡Aº¥ý´£¨ì¬ù¦ýªeªF¤§¦a¡AµM«áÁ¿¨ì{«n¦aªº«n¤è¡A³Ì«á¤~Âà¨ì¥_¤è¡C¨ä¤¤¦³¤@Ó×¥¿ªºÁͶաA´N¬O¥ý´£¼¯¦è«ü©w¤À°tªº¦a·~¡]¬ù¦ýªeªF¡^¡A¥H¤Î¨º¨ÇÁnºÙ±q¼¯¦è±o¨ì¬Y¨ÇÅv§Q¤§¤H¡]{°Ç©M¦èù«D«¢ªº¤k¨àÌ¡^¡C³oÓ¶¶§ÇµLªk±q¥H¦â¦C¾ú¥v¤¤¥ô¦ó¨ä¥L¾ú¥v®É¬q©Î¬Fªv¦]¯Àªº¨¤«×¨Ó¸ÑÄÀ¡C117
107 R. S. Hess, 'Tribes, Territories of' in
G. W. Bromiley µ¥. (eds.), The International Standard Bible Encyclopedia, Revised
edition, 4 vols. (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1979¡ã1988), IV, 907¡ã913¶¡F¦P§@ªÌ¡A'Asking
Historical Questions of Joshua 13-19: Recent Discussion Concerning the Date of
the Boundary Lists'¡F¦P§@ªÌ¡A'Late Bronze Age and Biblical Boundary Descriptions of the West Semitic
World'¡C
109 K. Elliger, 'Tribes, Territories of' in
IDB, IV, 701¡ã710¶¡C
110 S. Mowinckel, Zur Frage nach
dokumentarischen Quellen in Josua 13¡ã19 (
111 J. Van Seters, In Search of History.
Historiography in the Ancient World and the Origins of Biblical History (Yale
University Press, 1983), 331¡ã337¶¡C
112 E. Cortese, Josua 13¡ã21: Ein
priesterschriftlicher Abschnitt im deuteronomistischen Geschichtswerk, OBO 94 (Fribourg: Universitatsverlag; Gottingen: Vandenhoeck &
Ruprecht, 1990)¡C°Ñ¹ï³o¥»®Ñªºµû½×¡AS. L. McKenizie, JBL, 110, 1991, 713¡ã715¶¡C
113 °Ñµû½×¡AK. L. Younger, Jr., CBQ, 55, 1993,
105¡ã106¶¡C
114 °Ñ¬ù®Ñ¨È°O¥þ¨÷¨Ó·½ªº°Q½×¡]¾É½×¢»¤Î¢¼¡^¡C
115 Z. Kallai, 'The United Monarchy of
Israel - A Focal Point in Israelite Historiography', IEJ, 27, 1977, 103¡ã109 (106)¶¡C
117 Z. Kallai, 'Organizational and
Administrative Frameworks in the
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¡@¡@¤é«á¡A°£¤F¦ý¤ä¬£ªº¾E±p¡]²Ó¸`°O¦b¤h®v°O¤Q¤K³¹¡A°Ñ¡G®Ñ¤Q¤E47¡^¡A©M«n¥_°êªº¥æ¾Ô¤§¥~¡A¨Ã¨S¦³¤°»òÃÒ¾ÚÅã¥Ü¡A¤w©wªºÃä¬É¦³¤°»ò¤j§ïÅÜ¡C¦³¨Ç¤ä¬£¡A¦p¥HÂÄ{©M¦è½q¡A¨Ã¨S¦³²M·¡ªºÃä¬É¡A¥u¦³«°¥«²M³æ¡C²z¥Ñ©Î³\¬O¦]¥LÌ©Ò³Bªº¦ì¸m¡C¥HÂÄ{±o¨ìªº¡A¬O{«n¦a¤¤¤ßªºC´µ¦C¨¦¡A¥L̤@©wı±o«ÜÃø§â³o¨Ç¤jªº«°¨¹Â\¥¡A¹º¥X¨ä©P³òªºÃä¬É¨Ó¡C¦è½q³B©óµS¤j¥H«n¡A±`·|¨ü¨ì¨Fºzªºµsê§ðÀ»¡A¤]·|¨ü¨ìC©Ô¦ÌµÜ¤H¡]Jerahmeelites¡^©M¹ý§Q®õ¯S¤H¡]Cherethites¡^ªº±°¹Ü¡A«á¨Ó¤j½Ã¤]»P¥L̪§¾Ô¡C135
¡@¡@¦Ü©ó¦a·~¤À°tªº²Ó¸`°Q½×¡A¸Ô¨£µùÄÀ¤º»P¦U¤ä¬£¬ÛÃöªº³¡¤À¡C
119 ¦P§@ªÌ¡A'Das System der Stammesgrenzen im Buche
Josua', Sellin Festschrift: Beitra/ge zur Religiongeschichte und
Archaeologie Pala/stinas (Leipzig:
A. Deichert, 1927), 13¡ã24¶¡F«e®Ñ¡AKS, I, 193¡ã202 (200¡ã202)¶¡C
121 K. Elliger, 'Tribes, Territories of'; W.
F. Albright, 'The Administrative Divisions of
122 Aharoni, Land, 248¡ã262¶¡C
124 Kallai, 277¡ã325¶¡F¦P§@ªÌ¡A'Tribes,
Territories of', IDB Supplement, 920¡ã923¶¡FNa~aman, Borders, 75¡ã117¶¡C
125 N. P. Lemche, Early
126 ³Ìªñªº¬ã¨s»P®Ñ¥Ø¡A°Ñ J. W. Rogerson, 'Anthropology and the
Old Testament,' in World of Ancient
127 °Ñ®Ñ¤G12¡A¤C14¡A¤K30¡ã35¤Î¤G¤Q¥|³¹¡C
129 Y. Aharoni, 'The Province List of
130 Z. Kallai, 'Tribes, Territories of', IDB
Supplement, 922¶¡C
131 R. S. Hess, 'Late Bronze Age and
Biblical Boundary Descriptions of the West Semitic World'¡C
132 ¦³Ãö«á±¤@ÂI¡A°Ñ M. E. J. Richardson, 'Hebrew Toponyms', TynB,
20, 1969, 97¡ã98¶¡C
133 R. S. Hess, 'A Typology of West Semitic
Place Name Lists with Special Reference to Joshua 13-19'¡A«Ý¥Xª©¡C
134 «K¶®¼§¡]¤Q¤K21¡ã28¡^¡B¦ý¡]¤Q¤E41¡ã46¡^¡BµS¤j¡]¤Q¤21¡ã62¡^¡B¦è½q¡]¤Q¤E2¡ã7¡^¡B¥HÂÄ{¡]¤Q¤E35¡ã38¡^¡B»P§Q¥¼¡]¤G¤Q¤@³¹¡^¦U¤ä¬£ªº«°¦W²M³æ¡A³£¨ãºÞ²z²M³æªº¯S¦â¡Cº¿®³¦è¥Dn«°¥«ªº²M³æ¡]¤Q¤T31¡A¤Q¤C2¡ã3¡B11¡^§Î¦¡«h¤£¦P¡C°ÑµùÄÀ¤Îªí¤Q¤»¡C°k«°¡]¤G¤Q7¡ã8¡^©M¨ä¥L¸ûµuªº²M³æ¡A³£»P¬G¨Æªº¤W¤U¤åºò±K»Î±µ¡A¨S¦³«e¨¥»PºKn¡A¦]¦¹»PºÞ²z²M³æ¤£¦P¡C
¢Ð¡@¿ò§}ªº¿ë»{
¡@¡@¬ù®Ñ¨È°O¤Q¤T¡ã¤G¤Q¤@³¹¤j³¡¤À¬O¦a¦W¡A¥¿¦p«e±©Ò´£¡A©Î¬OÃä¬É»¡©ú¡A©Î¬O«°¥«²M³æ¡CµùÄÀ³¡¤À±N¤¶²Ð¨CӤ䬣ªº¦a·~¡A¨Ã¤ÀªR¦a¦Wªº©Ê½è¡A¹ï¬G¨Æ¬q¸¨¤]·|§@²²¤ªº»¡©ú¡C¦¹¥~¡A¦a¦W±N«ö·Ó¸g¤åªº¶¶§Ç¦C¦b¤@¥÷ªí¤W¡C¦b¨CÓ¦a¦W¤§«á¡A·|¦³¤@ӹϪí¡A»¡©ú³oÓ¦a¦W¬O¥X²{©ó§Æ§B¨Ó¸t¸g¡]MT¡^¡AÁÙ¬O§Æþ¤å¸t¸g¡]¤C¤Q¤hĶ¥»¡A¤À¬° A ©M B¡^¡A©Î¨âªÌ¬Ò¦³¡C136±µµÛ¡AY¦³¸ê®Æ¡A«K·|¦C¥Xªü©Ô§B¤§¦W¡B¥H¦â¦C¤§¦W¡A©M½s¸¹¡C½s¸¹¬O«ü¥H¦â¦C©M¬ù¦ý©Ò¥ÎªºÅé¨t¡A¥H°Ï¤À¥¦Ì°ê¤ºªº¦a°Ï¡C¿ò§}ªº¸¹½X¡A«e¤TӼƥجO¨äªF¦è¦Vªº¦ì¸m¡A«á¤TÓ¸¹½X¬O¨ä«n¥_¦Vªº¦ì¸m¡C«e¤TÓ¸¹½X¼Æ¥Ø·U¤j¡Aªí¥Ü¿ò§}·U¾aªF¤è¡A«á¤TÓ¸¹½X¼Æ¥Ø·U¤j¡Aªí¥Ü·U¾a¥_¤è¡C
¡@¡@ÀHµÛ¹ï¸Ó¦a°Ï©M¨ä¾ú¥vªºÁA¸Ñ¡A¿ò§}ªº¿ë»{¹Lµ{·U¨Ó·U½ÆÂø¡C137¤@¯ë¦Ó¨¥¡A¾ú¥v¦a²z¾Ç®a·|¬ã¨s©Ò¦³¸t¸g¤§¤º»P¸t¸g¤§¥~¡B¤Z´£¨ì¸Ó¿ò§}ªº¸ê®Æ¡A¥h½T©w¬Y¬q®É´Áªº©~¦íªÌ¬O½Ö¡A¥H¤Î¸Ó¦aÂI»P§O³B¿ò§}©Î¦ÛµM´ºÆ[¯SÂIªºÃö«Y¡C³oºØ¬ã¨sn¦Aµ²¦X¹ï¸Ó¦a°Ïªº¸Ô²Ó¦Ò¹î¡A¤~¥i¿ë»{¥j¥N©Ò¦³ªº»E©~¤¤¤ß¡C¨C¤@Ó¦aÂI³£nµù©ú¦b¦a¹Ï¤W¡A¦A¥[¤W¤@¨Ç²Ó¸`¡A½Ñ¦p¡A©M¤wª¾ªº¥j¥N¹D¸ô¡B¦a§Î¯S¦â¡]¬u¤ô¡Bªe¬y¡B¤sµ¥¡^¦³¦h±µªñ¡A¥H¤Î»P¨ä¥Lªº¿ò§}¬Û¶Z¦h»·¡A·í¦a¹ï³o¨Ç¤¤¤ß´¿¦s¦b¤§³Bµ¹¤©¤°»ò¦W¦r¡A¤]n¦¬¶°¡C¦³®É³oÃþ¦W¦r«O¦s¤F¿ò§}ªº¥j¦W¡F¤£¹L¡A¸g¹L¤F´XÓ¥@¬ö¤§«á¡A¤@Ó¦a¦W¤]¥i¯à±q¤@Ó¿ò§}¡u·h¨ì¡v¥t¤@Ó¿ò§}¡C¤@Ó¦a°Ïªº¦UÓ¿ò§}³£À³·í¸Ô¥[¬ã¨s¡A¦³®É¥u»Ýn¿ëÃÑ¿ò§}ªí±´Ý¦sªº³³¾¹¡A´N¥i¥H¬Ý¥X·í¦a¦³©~¥Áªº®É´Á¬°¦ó¡C¦³¨Ç¿ò§}«h¤w¸g¶i¦æ«õ±¸¡A³oºØ¬ã¨s¥i¥H´£¨Ñ§ó¸Ô²Óªº¸ê®Æ¡A§PÂ_¸Ó¿ò§}¦ó®É¦³©~¥Á¡B¥¦ªº¤j¤p©M«n©Ê¬°¦ó¡C¦³®É·|µo²{¤@¨Ç¤å¦r¡F¦Ü©óè¦nµo²{¨è¦³¸Ó¦a¦WºÙªº¸O¤å¡A«h¬O·¥¨u¦³ªº¨Æ¡C
¡@¡@¾ú¥v¦a²z¾Ç®a¹B¥Î©Ò¦¬¶°¨ìªº¤å¦r¡B¦a§Î¡B»y·½©M¦Ò¥j¸ê®Æ¡A´£¥X³Ì¾A¦X¤@¤Á¸ê®Æªº¿ò§}¥i¯à¡C¥Ñ©ó¸ê®Æ¤ªá¤Kªù¡A©Ò¥H¤£¦Pªº¦a²z¾Ç®a¹ï¿ò§}ªº»¡ªk¤£¤@¡A¤]¨Ã«D¤£´M±`¡C¦Ó¥O¤HÅå³Yªº¡A«h¬O¤@¯ë¤½»{ªº¿ò§}¤w¹F«Ü¤jªº¼Æ¥Ø¡C¥»®Ñ¥H¤Uªº²M³æ¡A¬O¥Hªü«¢¶©¥§¡]Aharoni¡^ºëªöªº¦a¦W¬ã¨s¬°Àu¥ý¦Ò¼{¡C¦pªG¦³¨Ç¬ã¨s´£¥X¥t¥~ªº«Øij¡A®Ñ¤¤¤]·|´£¤Î¡C
136 ¬ù®Ñ¨È°O¤Q¥|¡ã¤G¤Q¤@³¹©Ò°Oªº«°¦W¡A¦b©Ò¦³¥j¥NĶ¥»¤¤ªº±¡§Î¡A°Ñ Svensson ªº¬ã¨s¡C³o¥»®Ñ¤]½Í¨ì¼¯¦è¤¸g©M¾ú¥N§Ó¤º¥¦æªº¸g¤å¡A¨Ã»P¾ú¥v®Ñ©M¥ýª¾®Ñ¤¤©Ò´£¨ì¬Y¨Ç¦a°Ïªº«°¦W²M³æ§@¤ñ¸û¡C
137 Aharoni, Land, 105-130¶¡FH. J.
Franken, 'The Problem of Identification in Biblical Archaeology', PEQ,
108, 1976, 3¡ã11¶¡FJ. M. Miller, 'Site Identification: A Problem Area in Contemporary
Biblical Scholarship', ZDPV, 99, 1983, 119¡ã129¶¡FA. F. Rainey, 'Sites, Identification of',
IDB Supplement, 825¡ã827¶¡F¦P§@ªÌ¡A'The Toponymics of Eretz-Israel', BASOR, 231, 1978, 1¡ã17¶¡F¦P§@ªÌ¡A'Historical
Geography - The Link between Historical and Archaeological Interpretation', BA,
45, 1982, 217¡ã223¶¡F¦P§@ªÌ¡A'Historical Geography', in J. F. Drinkard, Jr, G. L. Mattingly and J. M.
Miller (eds.), Benchmarks in Time and Culture: Essays in Honor of Joseph A.
Callaway, Archaeology and Biblical Studies I ( Atlanta: Scholars Press,
1988), 353¡ã368¶¡C
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